Floor to Ceiling ratios

from some forum...
"there is no set rule . 10ft. is common but it is subject to minimum ceiling heights with very depending on your codes in the area you live . Basements and such use to be 7'10" if I remember right but a few years back it was dropped to 7'1'' .
The typical is a 9 ' interval if the ceilings are 8 ft. Leaving a 1 ft. interval for floor systems , but that is not truly accurate. If you want to get technical the typical ceiling is 8' 1 and a quarter inches . Then 2x10s are 9 and a half inches then you add 3/4 sub-floor before you start the next wall of 8'1 and a quarter inches. A big percentage of profesionals just call it 8ft plus 10 inches and call it good . The only way you get a dispute about it is when you have a height restriction and every quarter inch makes a difference in the over all height as to not pierce the building height envelope.
It gets a lot more continuous when there is a perceived view shed of a neighbor.

10 ft. is a standard depending on the type of building , ceiling heights, chase area size for ducts and stuff . It is a rule of thumb and don't reflect real live measurements of an as-built.
you take commercial space and the ceilings could easily be 12ft or even 15 foot then have a drop ceiling down to a desired height for a particular store design and if there is a second story it may only be the thickness of the floor system it self which could be just a 1/8th inches corrugated metal with 3 and one half inches of reinforced concrete then start the next floor .
I think standard single story big malls have a ceiling height of 23 ft.
I may be wrong about that . I think that is right though . It has been a while since i have done a tenant improvement in a mall . 23 ft comes to mind .
So my typical is 10 ft. when estimating initial heights. Very preliminary when trying to visualize a highest and best use for a land parcel.
That is because of peoples desire for 9 ft tall walls , which we say a lot of in the hay day before the crash . Everybody wanted 9 ft walls"

Progress

Much progress has been made. Developed a system to do the cowlings. An old way, yet a tried and true way.
The turnbuckles, and then today the beginnings of the end walls.

Wheels

So, I figured a simple way for wheels. I did a profile of the wheel and used the spin function in Blender. Then I added a line 4'5 1/2" for the new standard inside length between wheels, and some points in the original file for it to snap to.
Now I can use this wheel profile file again with little alteration to create any wheel I need, and still alter it as learn more.
It worked out pretty well.

Wheels and the Oil Tanker

I realized today I made a mistake on the wheels of the CS passenger. When I started a new file, using the wheels and basic lines as a template, I saw the distance between the inner "rails" to be NOT 4' 8.5".

These guys make and repair wheels axles trucks etc.
http://www.lyonsind.com/index.html

These guys make rail tank cars. They have diagrams in pdf form.
http://www.americanrailcar.com/RailcarManufacturing/Car.aspx?car=tank

http://www.railpark.org/stories/tank_car_cn_agrx-802.html


Lest I forget.
Getting the dome ends on the oil tanker turned out to be a major pain....
Eventually I solved it by using NURBS spheres in blender, creating circles and importing them into blender, whereupon I used RAW NUMBERS, not snap points, to solve it.

I don't like the 12'7" height the drawing asks for....

Not sure.

In draftsight to set tolerances to perhaps, 1/32, use UNITSYSTEM.

Display Order

DISPLAYORDER

An important command
Moves an entity front or back in the display order.

Brooklyn Bridge

Blueprints lie.

Having established the top and bottom points of the arches, let the midpoint of the arches begin at 24'10.5" from the midpoint. This is not a known distance but fairly matches the blueprint.
Then the width of each arch should be offset 16'10.5" from the midpoint of the arches. This is a known distance from the blueprint.
This creates a 16' middle column(between the arches). This is not a known dimension.
This also creates 28'3" maximum outer column width on the upper portion of the bridge. This is not a known dimension, but looks like a good number.

The circles that will create the arches are specified to be 46' diameter intersecting (at least) at the peak of the arches. I created the leftmost circle using the 3pt method and determined I would have to make its center Y at 201'8.75", up from the 201'4" working baseline of the arch base. This let me extrapolate all other circles using linear dimensioning to line them up.
This meant I would have to create 4.75" lines from the baseline to lower intersection of the circles to create a seamless arch.
(Oh heck, I just left them alone...)

Soooo.
I got the tolerance to 1/16". Not bad for Sunday night after a long weekend.
Not sure how or if to fix it...
Anyways, it's late now and that's enough work for one week. At least I got a few things right.
That's one thing about drafting. You can always fix things later.

Roman Theatre

So I created items O and P  and flew them into blender.
Then I did a boolean on the step and stair units with a cube I created to delineate the part I needed to erase. This created a lot of unneeded faces on the resulting object, but it erased the parts of the steps and stairs that needed to go away.

I thought it was gonna be harder. I thought I might have to go back and edit each stair and step element in Draftsight. That would have been a major pain.

Now on to step 6. The length of the "scaena" ought to be double the diameter of the orchestra.

Double the orchestra is 160'. Cool, got that done earlier. Element 88_scaena, I edited it and closed the thing to box.
The stage height is already set at 5'.

The height of the podium, starting from the level of the stage, is, including the corona and cymatium, one twelfth of the diameter of the orchestra.
The diameter of the orchestra is 80'
Therefore the height will be 80" (oddly enough the height of the average door)

Above the podium, the columns, including their capitals and bases, should have a height of one quarter of the same diameter, and the architraves and ornaments of the columns should be one fifth of their height.
This refers back to this drawing...

The podium is actually the detail slightly smaller than the door height.
It's the protruding detail that the columns set on.
The 1/4 CD is the columns mentioned above.
That means they are 20', now becoming B (not including the 5' podium)
The architraves and ornaments are marked 1/5 B. (4') Essentially the end of this order, above it starting a new one.

So first I will go back to Draftsight, figure out where all columns should be, give them a rough diameter and see what the look like.

So they will start at 11'8' and go up to 31'8".
They're are eight of them.

Using the basic drawing as template, the scaena is 14.5 cm.
the offsets for the eight columns (from the left side) are 4.15, 4.9, 6, 6.7, 7.8, 8.55, 9.7, 10.45

These extrapolated to imperial are 45.79' 54.069 66.207 73.93 86.07, 94.34,107.03,115.31

45 9 1/2, 54 13/16,66 2 1/2,73 11 3/16, 86 7/8, 94 4, 107 3/8, 115 3 3/4
These will be offsets from the left of the scaena. 

Columns appear to be displaced from the wall 0.2cm or 2' 2 1/2"
 For now make the columns 3' diameter

Made some adjustments to the size of columns....for now.

Time to be done for the day........

Even now you can see how the Roman Theatre, improving on the Greek Theatre, is a vast complex, not just seating for a big stage.



view The parapet above, including its cyma and corona, is one half the height of the parapet below. Let the columns above this parapet be one fourth less in height than the columns below, and the architraves and ornaments of these columns one fifth of their height. If the "scaena" is to have three stories, let the uppermost parapet be half the height of the intermediate one, the columns at the top one fourth less high than the intermediate, and the architraves and coronae of these columns one fifth of their height as before.